Active And Passive Electronic Components

The basic parts used for manufacturing or assembling electronic equipment are called electronic components. Components are independent entities in an electronic circuit. What is the difference between active devices and passive devices? Simply put, devices that require an energy (power) source are called active devices, while those that do not require an energy (power) source are passive devices. Active devices are generally used for signal amplification, transformation, etc., and passive devices are used for signal transmission or "signal amplification" through directionality. Capacitors, resistors, and inductors are all passive devices, while ICs, modules, etc. are active devices.
Simple Definition of Passive Devices

If there is no power source of any form inside an electronic component during its operation, this device is called a passive device. From the perspective of circuit characteristics, passive devices have two basic characteristics:

1.They either consume electrical energy or convert electrical energy into other forms of energy.
2.They can work normally just by inputting a signal without the need for an external power source.
Basic Definition of Active Devices

If there is a power source inside an electronic component during its operation, this device is called an active device. From the perspective of circuit characteristics, active devices have two basic characteristics:

1.They also consume electrical energy themselves.
2.In addition to an input signal, an external power source is also required to work normally.

It can be seen that active devices and passive devices have completely different requirements for circuit operating conditions and working methods, which must be paid great attention to in the learning process of electronic technology.
Common Passive Electronic Devices

Passive devices in an electronic system can be classified into circuit devices and connection devices according to the circuit functions they perform.
1. Circuit Devices

Diode
Resistor
Resistor Network
Capacitor
Inductor
Transformer
Relay
Key
Buzzer, Speaker
Switch
2. Connection Devices

Connector
Socket
Connection Cable
Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
Common Active Electronic Devices

Active devices are the main components of an electronic circuit. From the aspects of physical structure, circuit function, and engineering parameters, active devices can be divided into two major categories: discrete devices and integrated circuits.
1. Discrete Devices

Bipolar Transistor (BJT), generally referred to as a transistor
Field - Effect Transistor (FET)
Thyristor (also known as silicon - controlled rectifier)
Semiconductor Resistors and Capacitors - Resistors and capacitors fabricated using integrated technology for use in integrated circuits.
2. Analog Integrated Circuit Devices

Analog integrated circuit devices are used to process analog voltage or current signals that change continuously over time. Basic analog integrated circuit devices generally include:

Operational Amplifier (Op - Amp for short)
Comparator
Logarithmic and Exponential Amplifiers
Analog Multiplier/Divider
Analog Switch Circuit
Phase - Locked Loop (PLL) Circuit
Voltage Regulator
Reference Source
Wave - Form Generator
Power Amplifier
3. Digital Integrated Circuit Devices

Basic Logic Gate Circuit
Flip - Flop
Register
Decoder
Data Comparator
Driver
Counter
Shaping Circuit
Programmable Logic Device (PLD)
Microprocessor (MPU)
Microcontroller (MCU)
Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Device

https://www.sic-components.com/integrated-circuits-ics